ГДЗ по английскому языку 8 класс Баранова Starlight Углубленный уровень страница - 11

### Итоговые ответы --- #### Exercise 2 a) **Answer:** Aron had to sacrifice his right arm (he amputated/cut it off with a dull multi-tool pocketknife) to free himself from a boulder and save his life. --- #### Exercise 2 b) 1. **F** (*Aron was an experienced solo climber and was used to climbing alone.*) 2. **NS** (*The text doesn't mention whether he was about to take a break or not.*) 3. **F** (*The rock fell on his right arm/hand, not on his leg.*) 4. **NS** (*The text describes the pain as terrible/unbearable, but it does not state that it nearly caused him to faint.*) 5. **T** (*He realized he was running out of water and would die if he did not act immediately.*) 6. **F** (*Rescuers spotted him in a helicopter shortly after hikers alerted them on the same day he escaped.*) 7. **NS** (*The text mentions that he continues climbing with a prosthetic arm, but doesn't compare his skill level.*) 8. **F** (*Aron has returned to Blue John Canyon several times after the accident.*) --- #### Exercise 3 * **First name:** Aron * **Family name:** Ralston * **Date of the accident:** 26th April, 2003 * **Place of the accident:** Blue John Canyon, Utah, USA * **Things he had with him:** A small bottle/amount of water, a multi-tool pocketknife, climbing gear, a video camera * **Time he spent being trapped:** 5 days / 127 hours * **Sacrifice he made to stay alive:** He amputated (cut off) his lower right arm with a dull pocketknife. * **Life after the accident:** He wrote a bestselling book, became a motivational speaker, got married, and continues to climb mountains using a prosthetic arm. --- #### Exercise 4 **Sample answer:** I don't think this ad would have helped much. The wilderness around Moab and Canyonlands National Park is vast and remote, with hundreds of canyons. Since Aron hadn't told anyone his exact hiking route, a general ad in a local newspaper wouldn't give enough specific information for search teams or local people to pinpoint his location in the wilderness. --- #### Exercise 5 **Examples from the text:** * **Past Perfect:** * *"...he hadn’t told anyone where he was going..."* * *"...he had run out of water..."* * **Past Perfect Continuous:** * *"...he had been climbing alone..."* * *"...he had been trying to move the boulder for days..."* --- #### Exercise 6 1. By the time we arrived at the canyon, it **had stopped** snowing. 2. Her feet were aching because she **had been walking** since early that morning. 3. Most people **had left** before the volcano erupted. 4. He got lost because he **had not taken** (*или* **hadn't taken**) a map with him. 5. They were wet because they **had been hiking** in the rain. --- #### Exercise 7 (TV Interview) * **Interviewer:** Welcome to our show, Aron! What went through your mind when the boulder trapped your arm? * **Aron:** At first, I felt sheer shock and tried to push the rock away. But after a few days, when my water ran out, I realized that my only chance to survive was to cut off my arm. * **Interviewer:** Where did you find the courage to do something so extreme? * **Aron:** My strong will to live and the thoughts of my family kept me going. I knew it was either losing an arm or losing my life. * **Interviewer:** How has your life changed since that terrible day? * **Aron:** I appreciate every single day now. I wrote a book, became a motivational speaker, and I still climb mountains with a special prosthetic arm! --- #### Exercise 8 (THINK!) **Sample answer:** Aron’s decision really surprised me because cutting off your own arm requires unbelievable physical courage and mental strength. I completely agree with his decision: losing a limb is terrible, but life is the most valuable thing we have. His incredible will to survive shows that humans can overcome impossible situations. --- ### Подробное объяснение и грамматический комментарий #### Грамматика к упражнениям 5 и 6: * **Past Perfect (`had + V3 / Ved`)** используется для выражения действия, которое совершилось и завершилось **до** другого действия в прошлом или до определенного момента в прошлом (часто с союзами *by the time, before, after, because*). * *Пункт 1:* Снег перестал идти до того, как мы прибыли (`had stopped`). * *Пункт 3:* Люди ушли до того, как произошло извержение (`had left`). * *Пункт 4:* Он сначала не взял карту, а потом заблудился (`had not taken`). * **Past Perfect Continuous (`had been + V-ing`)** используется для выражения длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и продолжалось вплоть до определенного момента в прошлом или послужило причиной видимого результата в прошлом. * *Пункт 2:* Ноги болели, потому что она шла пешком с самого утра — процесс длился долгое время (`had been walking`). * *Пункт 5:* Они промокли, потому что шли под дождем — результат длительного действия в прошлом (`had been hiking`).