ГДЗ по английскому языку 8 класс Баранова рабочая тетрадь Starlight Углубленный уровень страница - 22

### Ответ #### **Vocabulary** **1. Complete with the words from the list:** 1. Cycling is a(n) **environmentally** friendly form of transport. 2. Vitamins and minerals are **nutrients** the body needs to function properly. 3. The Taj Mahal is one of the seven **wonders** of the world. 4. The building was a five-storey stone **structure**. 5. Organic farming may prove to be beneficial for **mankind**. 6. Researchers have found a way to **convert** food waste into fuel. 7. Industrial pollution has turned the area into a(n) **wasteland**. 8. People should try to **consume** less energy at home. 9. The building is surrounded by **lush** green gardens. 10. Petrol prices have **soared** recently. --- **2. Choose the correct item:** 1. The price of food has **risen** in recent years. 2. The design of a skyscraper is a huge **challenge** for architects. 3. Supermarkets sell fresh **produce** such as fruits and vegetables. 4. Wind farms are **springing** up throughout the countryside. 5. Most businesses are trying to find ways to **save** on shipping costs. 6. High levels of consumption are **draining** the planet of its resources. 7. Solar panels are **powered** by the sun. 8. High transport **costs** are the reason why some products are so expensive. --- #### **Grammar** **3. Choose the correct item:** 1. The gardener **will have mowed** the lawn by noon. 2. By the end of the year, the author **will have finished** his new novel. 3. Mary **will have written** her report by Friday. 4. By 2050, the global population **will have increased** to 9 billion. 5. At 5 o’clock the mechanic **will have been repairing** the tractor for an hour. 6. It's no use going to the supermarket now; it **will have closed** by the time we get there. 7. By the time they reach the farm, they **will have been travelling** for two hours. --- **4. Put the verbs in brackets into Future Perfect or Future Perfect Continuous:** 1. A: Have they built the vertical farm yet? B: No, not yet. But by the end of this year, they **will have finished** it. 2. A: John will be tired when he arrives. B: I know. He **will have been driving** for 6 hours non-stop. 3. A: How long have you been with the company, Kevin? B: By the end of this month, I **will have been working** here for 5 years. 4. A: Why are you upset? B: Because by the time James gets here, I **will have been waiting** for over an hour. 5. A: Has Ron sold his farm equipment yet? B: No, but he **will have sold** it by next week. 6. A: Sally is doing well at work, isn't she? B: Oh, yes! I'm sure that by next year, she **will have received** a promotion! --- ### Объяснение #### **Задание 1** * **environmentally friendly** — устойчивое словосочетание («экологически чистый/безопасный»). * **nutrients** — питательные вещества (витамины и минералы). * **wonders of the world** — чудеса света. * **structure** — строение, сооружение. * **mankind** — человечество. * **convert ... into** — перерабатывать / превращать что-либо во что-либо. * **wasteland** — пустошь, бесплодная земля. * **consume** — потреблять (энергию). * **lush green gardens** — пышные, буйные зеленые сады. * **soared** — резко взлетели (о ценах). #### **Задание 2** 1. **risen** используется, когда речь идет о повышении цен (*prices rise*). 2. **challenge** — сложная задача, вызов для специалистов (*exam* — экзамен в учебном заведении). 3. **produce** (неисчисляемое существительное с ударением на первый слог) — сельскохозяйственная продукция (овощи, фрукты). 4. Фразовый глагол **spring up** означает «быстро появляться, возникать» (*springing up*). 5. С предлогом *on* сочетается глагол **save** (*save on costs* — экономить на расходах). 6. Устойчивая конструкция **drain sth of sth** — истощать запасы чего-либо, выкачивать ресурсы. 7. **powered by** — работающий от, приводимый в действие (солнцем/энергией). 8. **transport costs** — транспортные расходы/затраты (*shortages* — дефицит, нехватка). #### **Задания 3 и 4 (Правила Future Perfect и Future Perfect Continuous)** * **Future Perfect** (`will have + V3 / -ed`) выражает действие, которое **завершится к определенному моменту в будущем** (маркеры: *by noon, by Friday, by the end of this year, by 2050, by the time...*): * *will have mowed, will have finished, will have written, will have increased, will have closed, will have sold, will have received*. * **Future Perfect Continuous** (`will have been + V-ing`) подчеркивает **длительность действия**, которое начнется ранее и будет продолжаться вплоть до определенного момента в будущем (маркеры: указание периода *for an hour, for 6 hours, for 5 years* + будущий момент): * *will have been repairing, will have been travelling, will have been driving, will have been working, will have been waiting*.