4. Read again and choose the correct word for each gap. What is the author's purpose?
5. Explain the underlined words. Check in the Word List. Use five of them in sentences of your own about your own ideas and experiences.
6. You are going to give a talk about personal safety. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for not more than 2 minutes.
Remember to say:
• why young people take self-defence classes in their free time
• why self-defence classes are more popular today than they were in the past
• what we should and shouldn't do to stay safe in the street
You have to talk continuously.
7. Discuss the following proverb.
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Объяснение и пошаговое решение
### Итоговые ответы
#### Упражнение 4
**1.** along
**2.** telling
**3.** onto
**4.** make
**5.** up
**6.** way
**7.** areas
**8.** look for
**9.** away
**10.** during
**Author's purpose:**
The author’s purpose is to give teenagers practical advice and safety tips on how to protect themselves, avoid dangerous situations, and react correctly if they are attacked.
---
#### Упражнение 5
**Объяснение выделенных слов из текста:**
* **Instincts** — natural feelings or reactions that tell you how to act without thinking (*инстинкты*).
* **Intuition** — the ability to understand or sense something immediately without conscious reasoning (*интуиция / предчувствие*).
* **Threatening** — making you feel that danger, harm, or violence is likely to happen (*угрожающий*).
* **Snatch** — to take or grab something quickly, roughly, or secretly (*выхватить, сдернуть*).
* **Insulting** — rude, offensive, and disrespectful to someone (*оскорбительный*).
* **Vulnerable** — weak, easily harmed, or exposed to danger (*уязвимый*).
* **By surprise** — unexpectedly, caught unawares (*врасплох*).
* **Panic** — a sudden, uncontrollable feeling of fear that prevents reasonable thought or action (*паниковать / паника*).
**5 предложений на основе личного опыта:**
1. I always try to trust my **intuition** when I meet new people or feel that something is wrong.
2. Walking alone in dark, empty streets can make any teenager feel **vulnerable**.
3. It is important to stay calm and not to **panic** during emergencies like a fire drill or a sudden storm.
4. When a stray dog started barking at me, I managed to take it **by surprise** by shouting loudly.
5. If someone posts **insulting** comments on social media, the best reaction is to block and ignore them.
---
#### Упражнение 6 (Монологическое высказывание в формате ОГЭ/ЕГЭ)
> I am going to give a talk about personal safety.
>
> To begin with, many young people nowadays decide to take self-defence classes in their free time. They do this because they want to feel more confident, learn practical techniques to defend themselves, and stay fit.
>
> Furthermore, such classes are much more popular today than they were in the past. Modern life is quite stressful and unpredictable, and teenagers often spend a lot of time outside or traveling alone, so parents encourage them to be well-prepared for any emergency.
>
> Finally, there are several things we should and shouldn't do to stay safe in the street. We should always walk in well-lit, busy areas, stay alert, and keep our mobile phones charged. On the other hand, we shouldn't walk through lonely alleys at night, wear headphones while crossing streets, or display valuable items like expensive phones or jewellery.
>
> In conclusion, personal safety depends mostly on our common sense and awareness.
>
> That’s all I wanted to say. Thank you for listening.
---
#### Упражнение 7 (Обсуждение пословицы)
**"One pound of learning requires ten pounds of common sense to apply it."** (Персидская пословица)
**Смысл пословицы:**
Знания сами по себе имеют мало ценности, если человек не умеет разумно применять их на практике. Здравый смысл (*common sense*) важнее голой теории, потому что в критической ситуации нужны рассудительность, быстрота мышления и понимание реальности, а не просто заученные правила.
---
### Разбор и пояснения к заданиям
1. **Задание 4 (Выбор лексических единиц):**
* *1) along a road* — устойчивый предлог движения «вдоль / по дороге».
* *2) intuition telling you* — причастие настоящего времени (*интуиция, говорящая тебе*).
* *3) get onto a busier road* — перейти / выйти на более оживленную дорогу (*onto* — движение на поверхность/пространство).
* *4) make the situation worse* — устойчивое сочетание *make worse* («ухудшить ситуацию»).
* *5) end up getting hurt* — фразовый глагол *end up* означает «в итоге оказаться в каком-либо состоянии».
* *6) in the same way* — вводная фраза «точно так же, таким же образом».
* *7) busy areas* — «оживленные районы/места».
* *8) look for* — фразовый глагол «искать, высматривать» (в отличие от *look at* или *look after*).
* *9) run away* — фразовый глагол «убежать прочь».
* *10) during an attack* — предлог времени «во время нападения».
2. **Задание 6 (Устная часть):**
Монолог составлен строго по плану с использованием вводных слов (*To begin with, Furthermore, Finally, In conclusion*), содержит вступительную и заключительную фразы, длится около 1,5–2 минут (10–12 предложений) и полностью раскрывает три заданных аспекта.