ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 69

### Ответы к упражнениям (Spotlight 11, стр. 69) --- #### Упражнение 6 * **1 — a** (*Tony is cleaning his cut.* — Тони сам промывает свой порез.) * **2 — b** (*Tony is having his cut cleaned.* — Тони промывают порез.) **Ответ на вопрос:** Предложение **(b)** означает, что действие выполняет кто-то другой для человека (*someone is doing something for someone else*). --- #### Упражнение 7 2. Sarah **is having her hand examined (by the doctor)**. 3. Greg **will have his jacket shortened (by his mum)**. 4. Sylvia **is going to have her hair done for the wedding**. 5. I **had a bandage put on my ankle**. 6. Liz **has just had her eyes tested**. 7. We **have our lawn mowed once a week**. 8. They **had had the roof repaired before they moved in**. --- #### Упражнение 8 1. John **got Ann to see** a doctor. 2. Julie **made Tony have** a blood test. 3. The scientist **had his assistant tidy up** the laboratory. 4. The nurse managed **to get the patient to swallow** the medicine. 5. Madeline will **have Mike take** her to the dentist. 6. Sam **had the doctor look** at his injured leg. 7. I'm going to **get Sarah to lend** me her jacket. --- #### Упражнение 9 1. Jo has been complaining **of** back pain. 2. She’s allergic **to** cats. 3. It took him ages to recover **from** the accident. 4. We heard Mike was involved **in** an accident. 5. Pete had to be treated **for** exhaustion after the expedition. 6. Nancy! You’re covered **in** red spots! **Примеры собственных предложений с фразами:** * *complain of:* He went to the doctor to **complain of** severe headaches. * *allergic to:* My brother is **allergic to** nuts and dairy products. * *recover from:* It usually takes a few weeks to **recover from** the flu. * *involved in:* Fortunately, no one was seriously hurt among those **involved in** the crash. * *treated for:* The injured passengers were **treated for** minor cuts and bruises. * *covered in:* After playing in the yard, the dog was **covered in** mud. --- #### Упражнение 10 1. Dan didn’t want to go **into** the details of his illness. 2. He went **through** two painful operations after the accident. 3. I wish this awful headache would go **away**! 4. If you go **on** driving without wearing your glasses, you will have an accident. 5. Pat decided not to go **ahead** with the operation. **Примеры собственных предложений:** * *go into:* Let's not **go into** this problem right now; we don't have enough time. * *go through:* She had to **go through** a lot of hardships before achieving success. * *go away:* Take some medicine and the pain will **go away**. * *go on:* Please **go on** with your story, I'm listening carefully. * *go ahead:* The director gave us permission to **go ahead** with the new project. --- #### Упражнение 11 1. Helen **made Bill drive** after the party. 2. Three people were **reported to have been killed** in the accident. 3. The old factory **has been knocked down** at last. 4. She **had her car collected by** a tow truck. 5. The operation **will be performed** tomorrow. --- ### Подробные объяснения и правила #### 1. Каузативная форма (Causative Form: `have + object + V3`) Используется, когда действие для нас выполняет специалист или другой человек. * Глагол **have** ставится в то же время, в котором стояло исходное предложение: * *Present Continuous* (№2): *is examining* $\rightarrow$ **is having** her hand examined. * *Future Simple* (№3): *will shorten* $\rightarrow$ **will have** his jacket shortened. * *Past Simple* (№5): *put* $\rightarrow$ **had** a bandage put. * *Present Perfect* (№6): *has been* $\rightarrow$ **has had** her eyes tested. * *Present Simple* (№7): *comes to mow* $\rightarrow$ **have** our lawn mowed. * *Past Perfect* (№8): *had repaired* $\rightarrow$ **had had** the roof repaired. #### 2. Разница между глаголами `make`, `get` и `have` * **make someone do something** (без частицы *to*) — заставить, настоять (*insist/force*). * **get someone to do something** (с частицей *to*) — убедить, уговорить (*persuade/convince*). * **have someone do something** (без частицы *to*) — попросить, поручить сделать (*ask*). #### 3. Устойчивые предлоги (Dependent Prepositions) * **complain of** — жаловаться на симптомы болезни / боль; * **allergic to** — иметь аллергию на; * **recover from** — восстанавливаться, выздоравливать после; * **involved in** — вовлеченный / замешанный в; * **treat for** — лечить от чего-либо; * **covered in** — покрытый чем-либо. #### 4. Фразовый глагол `go` * **go into** — подробно обсуждать, вдаваться в детали; * **go through** — переживать, проходить через трудности; * **go away** — исчезать, проходить (о боли); * **go on** — продолжать; * **go ahead (with)** — начинать, продолжать осуществление плана. #### 5. Трансформация предложений 1. Исходное *insisted that Bill drive* передается через форму **made Bill drive** (*make sb do sth* в *Past Simple*). 2. Конструкция сложного подлежащего (*Complex Subject*): активная конструкция *They reported that three people were killed* превращается в пассивную с перфектным инфинитивом — *Three people were* **reported to have been killed**. 3. Пассивный залог в *Present Perfect*: *have knocked down* $\rightarrow$ **has been knocked down** (фабрика в единственном числе). 4. Каузативная форма: *arranged for a tow truck to collect* $\rightarrow$ **had her car collected by**. 5. Пассивный залог в *Future Simple*: *will perform* $\rightarrow$ **will be performed**.