ГДЗ по английскому языку 9 класс Ваулина, Дули, Подоляко, Эванс - ответ страница 94

### Итоговый ответ #### Задание 1. Complete the table | Время / Конструкция | Active | Passive | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Present Simple** | Marble covers it. | It **is covered** in marble. | | **Past Simple** | Builders built it on soft ground. | It **was built** on soft ground. | | **Past Continuous** | ... the stones that people were removing were part ... | ... the stones that **were being removed** were part ... | | **Present Perfect** | Since then, people have carried out extensive repairs ... | Since then, extensive repairs **have been carried out** ... | | **Future Simple** | Tourists will visit it for many years to come. | ... it **will be visited** by tourists for many years to come. | | **Past Perfect** | ... as soon as the builders had built it ... | ... as soon as it **had been built** ... | | **Modal** | Today, you can still see the tower leaning to one side. | Today, the tower **can still be seen** leaning to one side. | **Все формы пассивного залога, встретившиеся в тексте:** * *was constructed* (Past Simple Passive) * *was built* (Past Simple Passive) * *had been built* (Past Perfect Passive) * *were made* (Past Simple Passive) * *were being removed* (Past Continuous Passive) * *can still be seen* (Modal + Passive Infinitive) * *is covered* (Present Simple Passive) * *was closed* (Past Simple Passive) * *was revealed* (Past Simple Passive) * *have been carried out* (Present Perfect Passive) * *will be visited* (Future Simple Passive) --- #### Задание 2. Sentences in the Passive 1. The painting **hasn't been put up** yet. 2. The old house **was being renovated** when fire broke out. 3. The building **will be finished** next month. 4. All the concert tickets **have already been sold**. 5. 'Starry Night' **was painted by Van Gogh**. 6. This bread **was freshly baked** this morning. 7. A children’s playground **is being built** in the park now. 8. Photography **is not allowed** in the museum. 9. The Colosseum **was built by Vespasian** in 70–80 AD. **Ответ на вопрос:** * **Sentences 5 and 9** do not omit the agent (*by Van Gogh*, *by Vespasian*). * **Why?** The agent is not omitted because it refers to a specific, important person (an artist, a historical figure) and is essential to the meaning of the sentence. --- ### Объяснение и правила #### 1. Образование страдательного (пассивного) залога (The Passive Voice) Пассивный залог образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола **to be** в нужном времени и смыслового глагола в **третьей форме (V3 / Past Participle)**: $$\text{Subject} + \text{to be (в нужном времени)} + \text{V3}$$ * **Present Simple:** $am / is / are + V3$ (*is covered*, *is not allowed*) * **Past Simple:** $was / were + V3$ (*was built*, *was painted*, *was freshly baked*) * **Past Continuous:** $was / were + being + V3$ (*were being removed*, *was being renovated*) * **Present Continuous:** $am / is / are + being + V3$ (*is being built*) * **Present Perfect:** $have / has + been + V3$ (*have been carried out*, *hasn't been put up*, *have already been sold*) * **Past Perfect:** $had + been + V3$ (*had been built*) * **Future Simple:** $will + be + V3$ (*will be visited*, *will be finished*) * **Modals:** $modal + be + V3$ (*can be seen*) #### 2. Употребление исполнителя действия (Agent: *by + agent*) * Предлог **by** с исполнителем действия **опускается**, если исполнитель неизвестен (*someone, people, they*), неважен или очевиден из контекста (например, хлеб пекут пекари, билеты продают в кассе, ремонт делают рабочие). * Исполнитель **не опускается** (предложения 5 и 9), если это конкретный автор произведения или историческая личность (*Van Gogh*, *Vespasian*), так как без этого теряется ключевой смысл высказывания.