ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 29

### 3 a. Matching underlined phrases with their meanings & example sentences * **the lowdown** — *important information* (вся подноготная, важная информация) *Example:* Can you give me the lowdown on what happened at the meeting? * **ease the load** — *make a difficult situation better* (облегчить нагрузку) *Example:* Hiring an assistant will help ease the load at work. * **builds up** — *increases* (нарастает, накапливается) *Example:* Tension builds up right before the exam results are announced. * **run-up** — *time just before an event* (преддверие, период подготовки) *Example:* In the run-up to Christmas, the shops are always crowded. * **keep (you) on your toes** — *cause you to remain alert/ready* (держать в тонусе / начеку) *Example:* The new teacher asks sudden questions to keep us on our toes. * **overwhelmed** — *unable to manage* (перегруженный, не справляющийся) *Example:* She felt completely overwhelmed by all the homework. * **in a nutshell** — *basically* (в двух словах, вкратце) *Example:* In a nutshell, we need to work harder to achieve our goals. * **pulling your hair out** — *going crazy* (рвать на себе волосы, сходить с ума от стресса) *Example:* I’ve been pulling my hair out trying to fix my computer all morning. * **in the long term** — *over a long period of time* (в долгосрочной перспективе) *Example:* In the long term, regular physical exercise improves your health. * **out of hand** — *uncontrollable* (вышедший из-под контроля) *Example:* The situation got out of hand before the teachers arrived. * **keep things in perspective** — *judge how important something really is* (смотреть на вещи объективно / не преувеличивать важность) *Example:* It's just a small test; keep things in perspective! * **grin and bear it** — *accept it without complaining* (мужественно терпеть, делать хорошую мину при плохой игре) *Example:* We have to work this weekend, so let’s just grin and bear it. --- ### 3 b. Explaining words in bold (from the text on p. 28) * **shallow** — not deep (поверхностный, неглубокий — о дыхании); * **pump** — force liquid to flow quickly (качать, выбрасывать в кровь); * **strain** — pressure, tension or burden (напряжение, нагрузка); * **priority** — something given importance over other things (приоритет); * **drop** — stop doing something or give it up (бросить, прекратить на время); * **chant** — repeat a phrase or words again and again (монотонно повторять, напевать); * **rational** — logical, based on reason (рациональный, разумный); * **drama queen** — a person who exaggerates problems and reacts excessively (человек, который всё драматизирует); * **essential** — absolutely necessary, vital (крайне важный, необходимый). --- ### 4. Portfolio: A two-minute talk on stress > **Stress and How to Cope with It** > Stress is our body's and mind's natural reaction to changes and challenges in life. It is usually caused by excessive schoolwork, approaching exams, conflicts with friends or family, and high expectations. > > When we experience stress, our body releases adrenaline, the heart beats faster, breathing becomes shallow, and muscles tense up. While short-term stress can help us stay focused, chronic stress causes serious problems: headaches, fatigue, memory loss, and a weakened immune system. > > Personally, tight deadlines and preparing for difficult tests stress me out the most. To relieve stress, I try to organize my time, break big tasks into smaller steps, listen to relaxing music, and go for long walks outdoors. Getting enough sleep and talking to friends also helps me keep things in perspective. --- ### 5. Choose the correct word 1. A: You look like you've been **under** a lot of stress lately. B: I have. I'm totally **losing** control! 2. A: I can't **cope** with all this pressure. B: **Take** it easy. Things will get better. 3. A: Is there something you want to get off your **chest**? B: I've **broken** up with Sue. 4. A: Let's meet on Sunday. B: Sorry. I'm up to my **eyes** in schoolwork. 5. A: Stop it. He can't **take** the stress. B: A little pressure won't **hurt**. 6. A: He's going through a really hard time. B: I know. His parents' divorce has **caused** him great emotional stress. 7. A: This workload is **killing** me. B: Cheer up. Two more weeks and then it'll be **over**. --- ### 6. Fill in the gaps & explain the phrases in bold 1. I'm just sick and **tired** of doing exams all the time! 2. I'm so fed up with the way I look. It's really **getting** me down! 3. I'm losing control. I can't **take** it any more! 4. Things aren't as bad as they seem, Tracy. Don't get things out of **proportion**! 5. Jo makes me so angry. I lost my **temper** with her again yesterday. 6. I think he's feeling the **strain** of his parents' divorce. 7. I haven't just started feeling stressed. It's been **building** up for weeks. 8. My parents are **giving** me a hard time. **Значение устойчивых выражений:** * **sick and tired** — сыт по горло, устал от чего-либо; * **getting me down** — огорчает меня, вгоняет в депрессию; * **can't take it any more** — больше не могу это выносить; * **out of proportion** — преувеличивать, делать из мухи слона; * **lost my temper** — вышел из себя, потерял самообладание; * **feeling the strain** — ощущать сильное давление/нагрузку; * **building up** — накапливаться, нарастать постепенно; * **giving me a hard time** — придираться, устраивать взбучку, усложнять жизнь. --- ### 7. Complete with verbs in the correct tense 1. "Don't do that again," he **snarled** at me angrily. 2. "I-I-I d-d-don't kn-know anything!" he **stammered** nervously. 3. "We've finished!" John **sighed** with relief. 4. She was so scared she could only **whisper** her name in a low voice. 5. "Oh, no! Not again!" Sally **groaned** in agony. --- ### 8. Match the phrases, body movements and Russian translation * **1 – b:** She **shook** her head in disbelief *(Она недоверчиво покачала головой)*. * **2 – a:** She **clenched** her fists angrily *(Она сердито сжала кулаки)*. * **3 – d:** She **shrugged** her shoulders indifferently *(Она равнодушно пожала плечами)*. * **4 – f:** She **folded** her arms and waited patiently *(Она скрестила руки на груди и терпеливо ждала)*. * **5 – c:** She **blushed** with embarrassment at the sight of new people *(Она покраснела от смущения при виде незнакомцев)*. * **6 – e:** She **stamped** her feet angrily *(Она сердито затопала ногами)*. * **7 – h:** She **trembled** in fear *(Она задрожала от страха)*. * **8 – g:** She **tapped** her fingers nervously on the table *(Она нервно барабанила пальцами по столу)*. --- ### Words of Wisdom (THINK!) **Цитата:** *«The time to relax is when you don't have time for it.»* (Sydney J. Harris) **Объяснение:** Автор подчеркивает парадокс: когда у человека слишком много дел и кажется, что нет ни минуты на отдых, именно тогда он больше всего нуждается в перерыве. Без отдыха наступает эмоциональное и физическое выгорание, снижается продуктивность, а уровень стресса становится опасным для здоровья. Отдых в период максимальной занятости помогает перезагрузить мозг и взглянуть на проблемы со свежими силами.