ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 73

### Итоговый ответ #### Exercise 4a **Linking/sequence words from the story (Слова-связки последовательности из текста) & Alternatives (Альтернативы):** * **had just ... when** $\rightarrow$ *no sooner ... than*, *hardly ... when* * **Within minutes** $\rightarrow$ *Shortly after*, *Soon afterwards* * **As** $\rightarrow$ *While*, *When* * **By the time** $\rightarrow$ *Before* * **Then** $\rightarrow$ *Next*, *Afterwards* * **Meanwhile** $\rightarrow$ *In the meantime* * **Eventually** $\rightarrow$ *Finally*, *In the end* * **Finally** $\rightarrow$ *At last*, *In the end* --- #### Exercise 4b **1. Хронологический порядок событий:** 1. Greg started work. 2. A distress call came in. 3. The rescue operation started. 4. Greg rescued the survivors one at a time. 5. The rescue mission was going well. 6. A huge wave hit the ship. 7. The helicopter crashed into the sea. 8. The helicopters refuelled and returned. 9. The survivors went to hospital. 10. Greg was awarded a medal. **2. Краткий пересказ (Summary):** > **First**, Greg started work. **Suddenly**, a distress call came in, and **immediately** the rescue operation started. **At first**, the rescue mission was going well **while** Greg rescued the survivors one at a time. **Then**, a huge wave hit the ship and the helicopter crashed into the sea. **After that**, the helicopters refuelled and returned to pick them up. **Eventually**, the survivors went to hospital, and **finally**, Greg was awarded a medal for his bravery. --- #### Exercise 4c * **Detailed descriptions (Подробные описания):** *steaming hot coffee*, *stormy night with torrential rain and gale-force winds*, *violent, choppy sea*, *terrified crew members*. * **Direct speech (Прямая речь):** *"Hold on tight!"*, *"We're going down!"*, *"Take my hand!"* --- #### Exercise 5 **Примеры приемов повествования (Narrative techniques):** * **Complex adjectives/adverbs:** *torrential*, *gale-force*, *treacherous*, *desperately*, *relentlessly*. * **Descriptive verbs (вместо простых):** *poured*, *screamed*, *battled*, *swallowed*, *winched*. * **Senses (Органы чувств):** *steaming hot coffee* (touch/sight), *the alarm blared* (sound), *howling wind and roaring waves* (sound). * **Participles (Причастия):** *Holding on tightly to the cable...*, *Exhausted and freezing cold, he waited...* * **Metaphors/Similes/Hyperbole:** *the sea was like a raging monster* (simile), *it felt like an eternity* (hyperbole). * **Feelings (Эмоции):** *shivering with terror*, *sighed with relief*. --- #### Exercise 6a * **coffee:** *steaming hot* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *piping hot, freshly brewed, boiling* * **weather:** *stormy / terrible* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *foul, severe, harsh, dreadfully bad* * **wave:** *huge / massive* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *colossal, gigantic, towering* * **sea:** *violent / choppy* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *rough, turbulent, raging* * **rescue:** *daring / heroic* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *courageous, risky, brave* * **performance:** *exceptional / outstanding* $\rightarrow$ **Alternatives:** *remarkable, superb, extraordinary* --- #### Exercise 6b 1. She hurried **anxiously** to the bus stop, worried that the bus would have left. 2. George shouted **angrily** at the students, his face turning red. 3. Sally walked **nervously** onto the stage, trying to remember her lines. 4. Realising how nervous I was, the doctor smiled **reassuringly** at me. 5. Jane nodded **eagerly** when I suggested going to the beach. 6. He was **unbelievably** tired at the end of his long day. 7. The girls laughed and joked **happily** on their way home. --- ### Пояснения и разбор заданий * **Ex. 4a–4b:** Слова-связки времени (*time linkers/sequence words*) помогают логично и последовательно выстроить ход событий в рассказе (narrative essay). Они показывают начало действия (*first, at first*), одновременность (*while, as*), неожиданность (*suddenly*) и завершение истории (*eventually, finally*). * **Ex. 5:** Использование выразительных средств (деепричастные обороты, яркие глаголы, синонимы простых прилагательных) делает текст художественным и живым, что оценивается высокими баллами на экзаменах (ЕГЭ/FCE). * **Ex. 6b (значения наречий по контексту):** 1. *worried* (волновалась) $\rightarrow$ шла с тревогой (**anxiously**). 2. *face turning red* (лицо покраснело от злости) $\rightarrow$ кричал со злостью (**angrily**). 3. *trying to remember her lines* (пытаясь вспомнить реплики) $\rightarrow$ шла на сцену нервничая (**nervously**). 4. *Realising how nervous I was* (понимая моё волнение) $\rightarrow$ улыбнулся ободряюще (**reassuringly**). 5. *suggested going to the beach* (предложил пойти на пляж) $\rightarrow$ закивала с готовностью / с энтузиазмом (**eagerly**). 6. *tired at the end of his long day* (устал после долгого дня) $\rightarrow$ невероятно уставший (**unbelievably**). 7. *laughed and joked* (смеялись и шутили) $\rightarrow$ весело/счастливо (**happily**).