ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 76

### 16 a. Анализ вступлений и концовок #### Итоговый ответ: * **1. Beginnings:** **A** is the most interesting. * **Why / Techniques:** It immediately hooks the reader by asking a **rhetorical question directly addressing the reader** (*"Do you know..."*), creates a tense atmosphere using **vivid descriptions and emotions** (*"feeling anxious"*, *"howling wind"*), and includes **direct speech** (*"Are you sure you know the way back?"*). * **2. Endings:** **B** is the most interesting. * **Why / Techniques:** It evokes strong feelings by **describing emotions and physical sensations** (*"my eyes filled with tears"*, *"shivering with cold and totally alone"*), and ends with **rhetorical questions** (*"Would I ever be able to forgive myself...?"*) that leave a lasting impression and create suspense. --- ### 16 b. Beginning and Ending for ‘Disaster at Sea!’ #### Sample Beginning: > Have you ever stared into the face of a furious, untamed ocean? As our small yacht crested yet another monstrous, pitch-black wave, the deafening roar of thunder shook the deck beneath our feet. "Hold on to the mast!" Jack screamed in terror, his voice barely cutting through the crashing rain. #### Sample Ending: > Collapsing onto the warm sand of the distant shore, I watched the wreckage of our boat disappear into the dark abyss. We were bruised, freezing, and exhausted, but we had survived. How could a simple sailing trip turn into such a nightmare? I knew I would never look at the ocean the same way again. --- ### 17 a. Анализ заданий (Rubrics) #### Key words: * **Rubric A:** *teacher, write a story, 'Trapped!', 200-250 words.* * **Rubric B:** *short story competition, magazine, end with the sentence: 'What a miraculous escape!', 200-250 words.* #### Answers to Questions: 1. **Who will read each story?** * **Story A:** The English teacher (and possibly classmates). * **Story B:** The judges of the competition and the magazine readers (teens/general public). 2. **What will each story be about?** * **Story A:** An event where someone gets trapped (in an elevator, a cave, a locked room, or during a natural disaster) and tries to get out. * **Story B:** A dramatic or dangerous situation where the character(s) face grave danger but manage to survive against all odds. 3. **Who could the main characters be?** * The narrator and a friend / family member / classmate. 4. **How many paragraphs will you write and what will you write in each?** * **Paragraph 1 (Introduction):** Set the scene (time, place, weather, main characters, background). * **Paragraph 2 (Rising Action):** Events leading up to the main problem; building suspense. * **Paragraph 3 (Climax):** The main event / moment of greatest tension and danger. * **Paragraph 4 (Ending/Conclusion):** How the situation was resolved, feelings of the characters, final thoughts (or the required final sentence). --- ### 17 b. Sample Story (Rubric B) **Title: The Fire in the Woods** It was a scorching hot Saturday afternoon in July when my brother Leo and I decided to go hiking in the dense Pine Ridge forest. The air was dry as tinder, and the smell of pine needles filled the warm breeze. We were chatting happily, completely unaware of the peril that awaited us. Suddenly, a thick, suffocating smell of smoke made us stop dead in our tracks. Turning around, we were horrified to see a wall of bright orange flames racing through the treetops behind us. The wind had whipped up a terrifying wildfire, and the path back was completely blocked! "We need to run to the river right now!" Leo yelled, panic written all over his face. With our hearts pounding like drums, we dashed through the thick underbrush as burning branches crashed down around us. The smoke was blinding, stinging our eyes and choking our lungs. Just as the flames were about to engulf us, we spotted the rapid waters of the mountain river ahead. Without hesitating for a single second, we leaped into the icy current. We allowed the river to carry us swiftly downstream, away from the roaring inferno. Half an hour later, shivering and gasping for breath, we scrambled onto a safe, rocky bank near the main road, where firefighters were already assembling. Looking back at the smoky horizon with immense relief, we both whispered, **"What a miraculous escape!"** *(235 words)* --- ### Объяснение и методические рекомендации 1. **Техники для интересного начала рассказа (Beginnings):** * **Rhetorical question** (риторический вопрос к читателю) — мгновенно вовлекает в размышление. * **Direct speech** (прямая речь) — делает сцену динамичной («эффект присутствия»). * **Sensory details** (описание звуков, погоды, запахов: *howling wind, deafening roar, pitch-black*). 2. **Техники для сильной концовки (Endings):** * **Rhetorical question / food for thought** — заставляет читателя сопереживать. * **Emotional reaction** — описание искренних чувств, слёз, облегчения (*relief, shivering*). * **Точное выполнение условия темы** — если в задании дана обязательная фраза, она должна стоять в самом конце рассказа в неизменном виде. 3. **Структура и язык повествовательного текста (Narrative):** * Используйте времена прошедшего времени: **Past Simple** (последовательность действий), **Past Continuous** (фоновые действия, описание обстановки), **Past Perfect** (действие, случившееся до основных событий). * Применяйте связующие слова (**Linkers**): *Suddenly, As soon as, Just as, Half an hour later, Without hesitating*.