ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 112

### Итоговые ответы и решения к заданиям со страницы 112 --- ### Exercise 8 **Ответы на вопросы:** * **Which expresses the writer's opinion?** — **Paragraph 2** (*«...we must strive for freedom of the press...»*) * **Which expresses a balanced consideration of the issue?** — **Paragraph 1** (*«...there are both advantages and disadvantages...»*) * **Which ending addresses the reader directly / includes a rhetorical question?** — **Paragraph 1** (*«Shouldn't one decide for one's self whether it is a worthwhile activity or not?»*) * **Which ending includes a quotation?** — **Paragraph 2** (*«As Thomas Jefferson said, "Our liberty depends on the freedom of the press."»*) --- ### Exercise 9 **1. Соотнесение цитат и тем эссе:** * **1 — C** (*Topic 1: Everyone in the world should speak the same language* $\rightarrow$ *Quote C: "Learn a new language and get a new soul."*) * **2 — A** (*Topic 2: The pros and cons of watching the news on TV* $\rightarrow$ *Quote A: "99.99% of what happens is not on the news."*) * **3 — B** (*Topic 3: Now that we have the Internet, we should stop printing newspapers* $\rightarrow$ *Quote B: "Newspapers always excite curiosity. No one ever lays one down without a feeling of disappointment."*) **2. Пример заключения для темы 1 (с цитатой и мнением):** > *To sum up, while having one universal language might make international communication easier, linguistic diversity is vital for preserving world cultures. As a Czech proverb says, "Learn a new language and get a new soul." In my opinion, instead of replacing native languages, we should encourage multilingualism, which broadens people’s horizons and enriches their lives.* --- ### Exercise 10 #### Rubric A (Learning English from a young age) * **Key words:** *international student magazine, all children, learn English from a young age, pros and cons, 200-250 words.* 1. **Who are you writing for?** — The readers and editors of an international student magazine. 2. **What do you have to write?** — A pros and cons essay (200–250 words) about children learning English from a young age. 3. **What will you include in each paragraph?** * *Paragraph 1 (Introduction):* State the topic without giving a personal opinion. * *Paragraph 2 (Pros):* Arguments in favor with justifications and examples. * *Paragraph 3 (Cons):* Arguments against with justifications and examples. * *Paragraph 4 (Conclusion):* Summary of main points and personal opinion. 4. **What points could you include for and against?** * *For:* Young children absorb languages naturally; better native-like pronunciation; future educational and career opportunities. * *Against:* Extra academic pressure on young children; potential confusion with the native language; less free time for play. 5. **How could you begin/end the essay?** * *Beginning:* «In today's globalised world, the question of whether children should begin learning English at an early age has sparked much debate...» * *Ending:* «In conclusion, although early language learning has some drawbacks, I believe that its long-term benefits are undeniable if taught through engaging methods.» #### Rubric B (Newspaper as the only source of news) * **Key words:** *media studies course, teacher, advantages and disadvantages, using a newspaper as your only source of news, 200-250 words.* 1. **Who are you writing for?** — A media studies teacher. 2. **What do you have to write?** — A pros and cons essay (200–250 words) on relying exclusively on newspapers for news. 3. **What will you include in each paragraph?** * *Paragraph 1 (Introduction):* Introduce the topic and the role of print media today. * *Paragraph 2 (Advantages):* In-depth journalism, reliability, no digital distractions. * *Paragraph 3 (Disadvantages):* Lack of real-time updates, limited interactivity, environmental impact of paper. * *Paragraph 4 (Conclusion):* Balanced summary and final viewpoint. 4. **What points could you include for and against?** * *For:* Fact-checked and well-researched articles; professional analysis; reading physical print reduces screen fatigue. * *Against:* News can be outdated by the time it is printed; lack of multimedia formats (video/audio); consumes paper. 5. **How could you begin/end the essay?** * *Beginning:* «In the digital age, when information spreads instantly, is it still practical to rely solely on printed newspapers for news?» * *Ending:* «All things considered, while newspapers provide depth and reliability, relying on them as a single source is impractical in our fast-moving world.» --- ### Exercise 11 **Образец эссе по теме A (220 слов):** #### All Children Should Learn English from an Early Age: Pros and Cons In today's interconnected world, English has undeniably become the global language of communication. Consequently, many educators and parents suggest that all children should start learning it from an early age. However, this idea has both significant benefits and notable drawbacks. On the one hand, there are several convincing arguments in favour of early language acquisition. To begin with, young children have a natural ability to absorb sounds, vocabulary, and grammar rules effortlessly. Starting early allows them to develop excellent pronunciation and an authentic accent. Furthermore, mastering English from childhood opens up numerous academic and professional opportunities in the future, as well as fostering cultural awareness and open-mindedness. On the other hand, there are certain disadvantages to consider. Firstly, introducing a foreign language too early can cause stress and cognitive overload, especially if a child has not yet fully mastered their native language. In addition, if lessons are too formal or rigorous, children may lose their natural curiosity and develop a negative attitude towards learning. Finally, intense study schedules may deprive young learners of valuable playtime. In conclusion, although early English education carries the risk of overburdening young learners, I believe that its advantages greatly outweigh the disadvantages. As long as teaching methods are interactive, playful, and age-appropriate, learning English early provides children with an invaluable foundation for their future life. --- ### Пояснения к выполненным заданиям 1. **Exercise 8 (Типы заключений):** * Заключение эссе может содержать **сбалансированный вывод** (*balanced summary* — упоминание обеих сторон без резкого перевеса) или **личное мнение автора** (*opinion* с модальными глаголами *must, should* или фразами *in my opinion*). * **Риторический вопрос** (*rhetorical question*) используется для привлечения внимания читателя и стимулирования его размышлений. * **Цитата** (*quotation*) делает вывод более авторитетным и запоминающимся. 2. **Exercise 9 (Работа с цитатами):** * Пословица о языке (*«Learn a new language...»*) идеально подходит к теме о мировых языках. * Слова о том, что большая часть событий не попадает в новости (*«99.99%...»*), отражают ограниченность телевизионного формата новостей. * Высказывание Ч. Лэмба о разочаровании от газет (*«...feeling of disappointment»*) перекликается с темой отказа от печатной прессы в пользу интернета. 3. **Exercise 10 & 11 (Структура эссе «За и против» / For and Against Essay):** * **Объем:** 200–250 слов. * **Стиль:** формальный / полуформальный (без разговорных сокращений *don't, can't*). * **Структура абзацев:** 1. *Introduction* (Введение: формулировка проблемы без личного мнения). 2. *Arguments for* (Аргументы «за» с тематическим предложением и примерами). 3. *Arguments against* (Аргументы «против» с тематическим предложением и примерами). 4. *Conclusion* (Заключение: подведение итогов и четко выраженная личная позиция).