ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 132

### Ответ к заданиям (Spotlight 11, стр. 132) --- #### Exercise 1 **Answer:** Small actions can change the world when many people join in. If one person does something positive (like picking up litter, planting a tree, or helping an elderly neighbor) and millions of others do the same, these small efforts add up to create a massive positive change for society and the planet. --- #### Exercise 2a **Answers to the questions:** 1. **What does Jacob do?** Jacob volunteers at a retirement home for a few hours each week. He sits and chats with the residents, reads to them, and tells them jokes. 2. **Why does he do it?** He does it because he wants to give something back to the community, make the elderly people happy, and he values their wisdom and advice. 3. **What does he feel that he achieves?** He feels that he makes a difference by bringing joy to the residents (seeing their faces light up). He also gains valuable life advice from them and feels that he is helping make the world a better place. --- #### Exercise 2b (Vocabulary in bold) * **retirement home** — a place where elderly people live and receive care (*дом престарелых*). * **chat** — to have an informal, friendly conversation (*болтать, дружески беседовать*). * **look forward to** — to feel happy and excited about something that is going to happen (*с нетерпением ждать чего-либо*). * **light up** — (about someone's face/eyes) to show sudden happiness, pleasure, or excitement (*озариться радостью, засиять*). * **elderly** — polite word for old people (*пожилые люди*). * **wise** — having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment (*мудрый*). --- #### Exercise 3 **Matching Actions (1–6) with Reasons (A–F):** *(Стандартное сопоставление по учебнику Spotlight 11, Module 8)* * **1 – D** (donate old clothes/books — help people who are less fortunate) * **2 – F** (volunteer at an animal shelter — care for abandoned and mistreated pets) * **3 – A** (plant trees or flowers — improve the local environment and make it greener) * **4 – C** (learn first aid — be able to save a life in an emergency) * **5 – B** (visit a retirement home — cheer up elderly people who might feel lonely) * **6 – E** (start recycling waste — reduce the amount of rubbish in landfills) **Two additional actions and reasons:** * **Action 7:** Organize a neighbourhood clean-up day. **Reason G:** To keep local parks and streets clean and safe for everyone. * **Action 8:** Donate non-perishable food to a local food bank. **Reason H:** To support families in need and reduce hunger in the community. --- #### Exercise 4 (Discussion / Mini-dialogue) * **Definitely do:** *I would definitely learn first aid because it gives you practical skills that can literally save someone's life in an emergency.* * **Possibly do:** *I would possibly volunteer at an animal shelter or plant trees because I care about animals and nature, though it depends on my school schedule.* * **Definitely / Probably not do:** *I would probably not organize a large-scale charity event right now, because it takes too much management experience and free time, which I lack before exams.* --- #### Exercise 5 (Portfolio: Group Project) **Title: "Every Bottle Counts" — Plastic Recycling Initiative** > **Project Description:** > Our project is called "Every Bottle Counts". We want to reduce plastic waste in our town. > > **1. What exactly would we do?** > We would place separate collection bins for plastic bottles in our school and local parks, and organize a monthly collection drive where students and locals can bring plastic for recycling. > > **2. Who else would we get involved and how?** > We would involve our classmates, teachers, and local youth centres through social media campaigns, informative posters, and school assemblies explaining how plastic harms the environment. > > **3. What results would we hope for?** > We hope to collect several tons of plastic each year, keep our public areas cleaner, and raise awareness among teenagers about sustainable living habits. --- ### Пояснения и разбор 1. **Exercise 1:** Задание направлено на понимание математической формулы добра («1 человек + 1 маленькое действие × много людей = изменения в мире»). Ответ строится вокруг идеи кумулятивного эффекта (*cumulative effect*). 2. **Exercise 2a & 2b:** Ответы извлекаются напрямую из короткого текста (*Case Study*). Фразы в рамке объясняются синонимами на английском языке с переводом на русский для лучшего усвоения контекста. 3. **Exercise 3 & 4:** Развивают навыки аргументации и выражения личного мнения при помощи модальных структур (*I would definitely / possibly / probably not + V*). 4. **Exercise 5:** Проект оформлен строго по трем пунктам плана задания: конкретные действия (*What*), участники и каналы привлечения (*Who & How*), а также ожидаемые результаты (*Results*). Текст составлен с использованием лексики модуля (экология, гражданская активность, волонтерство).