ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 класс Афанасьева Spotlight Базовый уровень страница - 52

### Итоговый ответ #### **Exercise 1** * **What I know:** Charles Dickens was a famous English writer of the Victorian era who wrote novels about the harsh reality of poor people. * **Three questions about Dickens:** 1. *When and where was Charles Dickens born?* 2. *Did he experience poverty when he was a child?* 3. *What are his most famous novels?* * **Answers from the biography:** 1. He was born in Hampshire, England, in 1812. 2. Yes, his family was sent to a debtors' prison, and he had to leave school to work in a factory. 3. *Oliver Twist*, *David Copperfield*, *A Tale of Two Cities*, and *Great Expectations*. --- #### **Exercise 2** * **Location:** The characters are in a churchyard (cemetery / graveyard). * **Prediction:** A terrifying escaped prisoner will threaten a young boy (Pip) and demand food and help to remove his chains. --- #### **Exercise 3** 1. Pip was afraid of the convict because he threatened to **cut** his **throat**. 2. The convict turned Pip upside down because he wanted to know what was in **his pockets**. 3. The convict threatened to eat Pip's **(fat) cheeks**. 4. Pip's **parents (mother and father)** were buried in the churchyard. 5. Pip lives with **his sister (Mrs Joe Gargery) and her husband, Joe Gargery (the blacksmith)**. 6. The convict tells Pip to bring him **a file and wittles (food)**. --- #### **Exercise 4** **a) Matching words/phrases with definitions:** * **covered completely** — *smothered* * **grabbed** — *seized* * **walked with difficulty** — *limped* * **shyly** — *timidly* * **shaking with fear or cold** — *trembling* * **very hungrily** — *ravenously* * **moved so that one end/side is higher than the other** — *tilted* * **upside down** — *head over heels* * **stared at angrily** — *glared* * **rough** — *coarse* **b) Explanations of key words in bold/context:** * **pleaded** — asked for something in an urgent, emotional way (*умолял*). * **shivered** — shook slightly because of cold or fear (*дрожал*). * **growled** — made a low, rough, threatening sound in the throat (*рычал, огрызался*). * **chattered** — clicked together rapidly because of cold or fright (about teeth) (*стучали*). * **tombstone** — a large flat stone over a grave that shows the name of the buried person (*надгробная плита*). * **steeple** — a tall pointed tower on the roof of a church (*церковный шпиль, колокольня*). * **file** — a metal tool with rough edges used for cutting or smoothing hard materials (*напильник*). --- ### Подробное объяснение 1. **Задание 1:** Требуется вспомнить базовые факты об авторе, задать три вопроса и проверить, есть ли на них ответы во вводном биографическом тексте. Текст содержит даты жизни (1812–1870), место рождения (Hampshire), упоминание работы на фабрике и долговой тюрьмы, а также названия главных произведений. 2. **Задание 2:** На картинке и в тексте действие происходит на кладбище возле церкви (*among the graves at the side of the church porch*). 3. **Задание 3 (Поиск конкретной информации в тексте):** * В строке 2 беглец говорит: *«...or I'll cut your throat!»* (1). * Беглец перевернул Пипа и опустошил карманы: *«...turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets»* (2). * Угроза съесть щёки: *«what fat cheeks you ha' got. I could eat 'em...»* (3). * Пип указывает на могилы матери и отца: *«That's my mother... And is that your father alongside your mother? Yes, sir»* (4). * Пип называет сестру и её мужа: *«My sister, sir – Mrs Joe Gargery – wife of Joe Gargery, the blacksmith...»* (5). * Каторжник требует напильник и еду: *«You get me a file... And you get me wittles [food]»* (6). 4. **Задание 4:** Лексический анализ помогает точно понять эмоциональное состояние персонажей и контекст викторианской эпохи. Обратите внимание на архаизмы и диалектизмы, вынесенные в сноски текста: *wittles* (жаргонное «еда, провизия»), *iron* («кандалы»).